Agriculture in Burkina Faso

Membres du groupe
Gbangou Théophane
Sawadogo Moumouni
Compaoré Mickaël
Zongo Noël
Congo Ali
Kontogom Lucien

GENERAL THEME: Agriculture in Burkina Faso


INTRODUCTION

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country located in the heart of West Africa whose economy is mainly based on agriculture.
Approximately 90% OF THE POPULATION BURKINABE IS HELD TO CERTAIN ACTIVITIES AGRICOLES.MAIS climate and soil conditions make development AGRICULTURAL DIFFICULT.

I - CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURE BURKINABE
At the national level the physical environment present unfavorable conditions for agricultural development:
the weather (climate, soil, vegetation)
low-productivity land
-population growth is increasingly out of balance with available resources
- The production techniques are still archaic (tobacco, which is widely used everywhere).
The flatness of the terrain does not allow the construction of dams.
-dissociation agriculture and livestock not return on any section.
Sub-Rural Employment during six months in the year causing the emigration of youth to urban centers and coastal countries which deprives the work of rural labor.
With a view to achieve food self-sufficiency, the Burkinabe authorities seek to control natural opposites
Selected water -
- Land Reforms (nationalization of land)
-Organization and supervision of the rural peasant (technical and land)

II - Support to farmers
In Burkina Faso many government institutions, parastatals and international providing multifaceted support to the rural world:
-Organization
-Search
-Framing
Credit
-Marketing
Training
The Rural Development helps rural people to organize:
the village groups are aimed at the welfare of the village community.
- the group of young farmers will value the training they received.
Agricultural research technical and financial assistance is provided by the following organizations:
- l 'I.R.A.T. (Research Institute of Tropical Agriculture). he participates in research on food crops.
- l 'I.R.H.O. (research institute on oils and oilseeds). The work on the selection and improvement of varieties such as groundnuts, sesame.
C.R.A.P.A (regional center of promoting agro-pastoral. It is aimed at developing optimal (maximum) of the agricultural crop in each region according to its potential climatic and soil
Agricultural production
there are food production, which barely cover the needs of countries and commercial production.

1 - Food production
They form the staple diet of Burkinabe and occupy 85% of cultivated area. These are, millet, sorghum, maize and fonio.
Tubers and starchy foods (sweet potatoes, yams, beans, peas ground, etc..) Which are secondary products constitute an important complement to food burkinabé.

2 - The industrial production and trade
They concern oilseeds, cotton, tobacco, sugar cane. Oilseeds are in all food products that are not subject to industrial crops (peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, soy)..
Industrial plants are those that fuel the agro-industrial raw materials. Cotton is the first industrial exploitation of the country. It is produced mainly in the west of the country but now extends to the Center and the East.
Cotton has created dégrénage plants.
Sugar cane is produced by irrigated agriculture.
Tobacco is a traditional culture practiced on lopains of land around the village and its consumption is local.
Shea butter is a collection used by the industry chacolat in cosmetology and pharmacology.
Fruits and vegetables are growing rapidly in the developed and irrigated perimeters. Many fruits have been intoduits (pineapple, grapefruit)

CONCLUSION

To attain food self-sufficiency authorities focus on water management. That is why they encourage the population to the construction of selected water and Barage. They have also undertaken to highlight the valleys in order to increase the cultivable csuperficies.